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br Dienogest DNG Dienogest is a nortestosterone derivative
2021-07-19

Dienogest (DNG) Dienogest is a 19-nortestosterone derivative with two special structural changes [Fig. 1a]: [a] At the cabon-17 position there is a cyanomethyl group instead of an ethinyl group; [b] A double bond is present between carbons 9 and 10. DNG is the only progestogen that combines prope
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EphB promotes tumor growth by stimulating angiogenesis throu
2021-07-19

EphB4 promotes tumor growth by stimulating angiogenesis through EphrinB2 [18]. However, the distinct and specifically involvement of Biotin-tyramide synthesis and veins in the tumor angiogenesis of all tumor grades is unclear. Our results indicate that the relation between EphrinB2 and EphB4 staine
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Here two labs that helped characterize these two
2021-07-19

Here, two labs that helped characterize these two pathways have worked together to further test whether these apparently parallel pathways from β-AR to CaMKII-RyR might be related in series. Much of the work leading to the Epac pathway involved measurement of Ca sparks as an index of SR Ca leak, oft
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One of the hallmarks of
2021-07-17

One of the hallmarks of the terminal stages of apoptosis is the fragmentation of chromosomal DNA that proceeds in a two-step manner: the DNA is initially cleaved into 50–300kb fragments and eventually into oligonucleosomal pieces [12], [13]. The two major apoptotic nucleases are DNA fragmentation fa
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br Results br Discussion C is related to another VACV
2021-07-17

Results Discussion C4 is related to another VACV protein, C16, and the C-terminal domain of C16 also inhibits DNA-PK-mediated DNA sensing via the same mechanism and to a similar level as C4. Moreover, mutagenesis of C16 at the CYC residues equivalent to those in C4 abrogated the C16-Ku interac
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Does a universal mechanism for TLS exist Our previous
2021-07-17

Does a universal mechanism for TLS exist? Our previous studies using the bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase generated the model provided in Fig. 7 that quantifies the molecular forces influencing key steps in the polymerization pathway during the replication of a non-instructional versus miscoding DNA
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a br Diacylglycerol kinases and T cell
2021-07-17

Diacylglycerol kinases and T cell responses Diacylglycerol kinases and cancer Several studies implicate DGKα in tumor progression, but its function is debated, as it might also have roles as a tumor suppressor. Diminished DGKα expression is linked to malignant transformation in epithelia. High
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion
2021-07-17

Materials and methods Results Discussion The first DGAT1 gene was described in the mouse in 1998 [28], and a few years later DGAT2 was identified from the oleaginous fungus Mortierella ramanniana[29]. Although both of them are known as the primary enzymes for de novo TAG biosynthesis, they
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br Materials and methods br Acknowledgments
2021-07-17

Materials and methods Acknowledgments Introduction Proton pumps convert the energy of high-energy compounds into the gaba receptors of protons across biomembranes. They play two physiological roles: pH regulation and the formation of proton-motive forces in their membranes. The simplest of
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Studies of LRRK tagged with green
2021-07-17

Studies of LRRK2 tagged with green fluorescent protein revealed the presence of monomeric LRRK2 in the γ-Linolenic Acid methyl ester of living cells, while LRRK2 oligomers were found in the proximity of the plasma membrane, suggesting that both oligomerization status and compartmentalization of LRR
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Ligand independent constitutively active variants have also
2021-07-17

Ligand-independent, constitutively active variants have also been found in receptors with associated tyrosine kinases. In approximately 60% of patients harboring inflammatory hepatocellular adenomas (IHCAs), these adenomas have been caused by small in-frame deletions in the cytokine-binding domain o
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Defensins are one major class of antimicrobial cationic
2021-07-17

Defensins are one major class of antimicrobial, cationic peptides that are released from Bindarit and imbedded in the mucus layer on mucosal surfaces [45]. They can be categorized into two major families; α- and β-defensins. In humans there are two α-defensin members, defensin 5 (HD5) and defensin
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Proteins that associate to PCNA are characterized by
2021-07-17

Proteins that associate to PCNA are characterized by having conserved motifs as the PCNA-interacting protein (PIP) motif [29,30], its variant PIP-like motif [31,32] or the APIM motif (Alk B homologue 2 PCNA interacting motif [33,34]); for instance, p21 contains a PIP motif [30], and DNA polymerases
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br CXCR The CXC receptor and CXCR and
2021-07-17

CXCR1/2 The CXC receptor 1 and 2 (CXCR1 and CXCR2) have been well characterised in vertebrates. In mammals and birds, the two receptors are shared by the ELR+ CXC ligands, namely the CXCL8 family members that have proinflammatory roles in recruitment of neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages to s
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R co localizes Golgi marker
2021-07-17

R co-localizes Golgi marker GM130 (Fig. 5). Our metabolic pulse-chase studies carried out in the presence of CSF-1 exposed the newly synthesized CSF-1R to its ligand, which promoted its rapid degradation. While this was clearly seen in control BMDMs, the mature band of CSF-1R remained intact for th
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